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Martin Heidegger (; German: [ˈmaʁtiːn ˈhaɪdɛɡɐ]; 26 September 1889 – 26 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition of philosophy. He is "widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century." Heidegger is best known for his contributions to phenomenology, hermeneutics, and existentialism, though as the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy cautions, "his thinking should be identified as part of such philosophical movements only with extreme care and qualification". Heidegger was a member and public supporter of the Nazi Party. There is controversy over the degree to which his Nazi affiliations influenced his philosophy.

His first and best known book, Being and Time (1927) is one of the central philosophical works of the 20th century. In its first part, Heidegger attempted to turn away from "ontic" questions about beings to ontological questions about Being, and recover the most fundamental philosophical question: the question of Being, of what it means for something to be. Heidegger approached the question through an inquiry into the being that has an understanding of Being, and asks the question about it, namely, Human being, which he called Dasein ("being-there"). Heidegger argued that Dasein is defined by care, its practically engaged and concernful mode of being-in-the-world, in opposition to such Rationalist thinkers as René Descartes who located the essence of man in his thinking abilities.

For Heidegger thinking is thinking about things originally discovered in our everyday practical engagements. The consequence of this is that our capacity to think cannot be the most central quality of our being because thinking is a reflecting upon this more original way of discovering the world. In the second part of his book, Heidegger argues that human being is even more fundamentally structured by its temporality, or its concern with and relationship to time, existing as a structurally open "possibility-for-being". He emphasized the importance of Authenticity in human existence, involving a truthful relationship to our thrownness into a world which we are "always already" concerned with, and to our being-towards-death, the Finitude of the time and being we are given, and the closing down of our various possibilities for being through time.

Heidegger also made critical contributions to philosophical conceptions of truth, arguing that its original meaning was unconcealment, to philosophical analyses of art as a site of the revelation of truth, and to philosophical understanding of language as the "house of being." Heidegger's later work includes criticisms of technology's instrumentalist understanding in the Western tradition as "enframing", treating all of Nature as a "standing reserve" on call for human purposes.

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Hvorfor digtere?

Tænkningens for-gængere

Midt i verdensnattens mørke må nogen blandt de dødelige vove at se ud i afgrunden og erfare det, vi endnu ikke har sprog for. Det er det, digterne gør. Digtning skaber perspektivforskydninger, giver os en chance for med en nyfunden klarhed at se alt det, der er, i sin helhed. Heidegger mente selv kun at tænke én tanke: nemlig hvordan alt det værende i sin væren viser sig. Netop poesien frigør sproget fra den dagligdags instrumentelle brug, så det kan tale om, hvordan det værende er. For ”sproget er værens hus”.

“Hvorfor digtere i trange tider?” er det spøgende spørgsmål, der indleder Martin Heideggers forelæsning fra 1946, holdt i anledning af 20-årsdagen for Rainer Maria Rilkes død – og skrevet i skyggen af anden verdenskrig. Især tre spørgsmål optager Martin Heidegger i hans sene filosofi: Hvad vil det sige at eksistere på jorden, hvad er teknologi, og hvad skal vi med digtere? I Hvorfor digtere? viser de tre spørgsmål sig at være tæt forbundne.

Hvorfor digtere? er en del af bogserien AFTRYK, der samler korte og vedkommende filosofiske tekster med væsentlig virkningshistorie. Denne tekst er relevant for alle, der interesserer sig for kunstfilosofi, teknologikritik og eksistenstænkning.

Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) indtager en fremtrædende position i det tyvende århundredes filosofi, særligt inden for fænomenologi, som han bragte i berøring med hermeneutik og eksistenstænkning. Heidegger var optaget af spørgsmål om væren, tid, menneskets kastethed og frihed. Hans hovedværk er Væren og tid, der afsøger værensspørgsmålets mening i det konkrete, levede liv. Senere i forfatterskabet fortsætter denne søgen i dialog med historien, kunsten og teknologien, og i nærværende tekst er det forholdet mellem liv, sprog, tænkning og digtning, der er i centrum.

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Edition2
Printed pages82
Publish date23 Aug 2021
Published byForlaget Mindspace
Languagedan
ISBN print9788793535749
ISBN epub9788793535756