About the author

Sigmund Freud ( FROYD; German: [ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt]; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.

Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902. Freud lived and worked in Vienna, having set up his clinical practice there in 1886. In 1938, Freud left Austria to escape the Nazis. He died in exile in the United Kingdom in 1939.

In founding psychoanalysis, Freud developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association and discovered transference, establishing its central role in the analytic process. Freud's redefinition of sexuality to include its infantile forms led him to formulate the Oedipus complex as the central tenet of psychoanalytical theory. His analysis of dreams as wish-fulfillments provided him with models for the clinical analysis of symptom formation and the underlying mechanisms of repression. On this basis Freud elaborated his theory of the unconscious and went on to develop a model of psychic structure comprising id, ego and super-ego. Freud postulated the existence of libido, a sexualised energy with which mental processes and structures are invested and which generates erotic attachments, and a death drive, the source of compulsive repetition, hate, aggression and neurotic guilt. In his later works, Freud developed a wide-ranging interpretation and critique of religion and culture.

Though in overall decline as a diagnostic and clinical practice, psychoanalysis remains influential within psychology, psychiatry, and psychotherapy, and across the humanities. It thus continues to generate extensive and highly contested debate with regard to its therapeutic efficacy, its scientific status, and whether it advances or is detrimental to the feminist cause. Nonetheless, Freud's work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture. In the words of W. H. Auden's 1940 poetic tribute to Freud, he had created "a whole climate of opinion / under whom we conduct our different lives."

Lille Hans

analyse af en femårig drengs fobi

Sigmund Freud skabte i 1890’erne en helt ny metode til behandling af neurotiske lidelser: psykoanalysen. Ved en daglig – timelang – samtale søgte Freud at bevidstgøre sine patienter om sygdommens skjulte årsager og bibringe dem en følelsesmæssig accept af de intime og ofte meget pinlige detaljer, der herved kom for dagen. Freud udgav i alt fem store og et antal mindre sygehistorier. Udover at rumme værdifulde oplysninger om Freuds analytiske og terapeutiske metode, tegner de desuden et bredt kulturhistorisk billede af familielivet, omgangsformerne og forholdet mellem kønnene omkring århundredskiftet. Hver sygehistorie er samtidig en livshistorie, hvor alt fra den økonomiske og sociale position til seksuelle erfaringer og fantasier viser sig at præge personligheden. Sygehistorien om Lille Hans er en af de fem store sygehistorier. Den kan læses på flere forskellige niveauer. Den giver et konkret indblik i neurosens opståen, men kan også, som Freud selv sagde, læses som en roman eller novelle. Den rummer et rigt og autentisk kildemateriale til studiet af barndommens og familiens historie. Hans’ sygdom bestod i en hysterisk angst for heste. Analysen afdækkede imidlertid, at der bag hesteangsten lå en kastrationsangst. Hans kom kun i Freuds konsultation en enkelt gang. Den daglige analyse blev foretaget af faderen efter Freuds anvisninger. Behandlingen af Hans var Freuds eneste egentlige børneanalyse og samtidig den første børneanalyse overhovedet. Lille Hans udkom første gang på dansk i 1983. Bogen genudgives nu i Hans Reitzels Forlags serie Klassikere.
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Edition2
Printed pages142
Publish date16 Oct 2019
Published byGyldendal
Languagedan
ISBN print9788741276465
ISBN epub9788741276472